CLASS V // TWAU // FIFTH CHAPTER // Topic- - Our Vibrant Country

 

CLASS V // TWAU // FIFTH CHAPTER // 

Topic- - Our Vibrant Country

SUMMARY NOTE:-

Republic Day Celebration :-

·        Republic Day is celebrated every year on 26th January.

·        The day marks the adoption of the Constitution of India in 1950.

·        Schools celebrate with flag hoisting, singing the National Anthem, and cultural programmes.

·        The tricolour flag represents:

o   Saffron: Strength and courage

o    White: Peace and truth

o   Green: Growth and prosperity

o   Ashoka Chakra: Duty and righteousness (Dharma)

Our Currency and Symbols :-

·        The Indian currency note shows the image of Mahatma Gandhi and many languages (15 languages).

·        Notes have national symbols, monuments, and messages.

·        The Swachh Bharat symbol (Gandhiji’s spectacles) reminds us to keep our surroundings clean.

·        National Emblem – the Ashoka Lions represent strength, courage, and confidence.

National Symbols :-

·         🐅 National Animal: Tiger

·        🦚 National Bird: Peacock

·        🌸 National Flower: Lotus

·        🌴 National Tree: Banyan tree

Languages and Diversity :-

·        India has more than 1000 languages spoken across states.

·        People of different states speak, dress, eat, and celebrate differently.

·        Despite diversity, all Indians share a spirit of unity — “Unity in Diversity.”

·        Example: The same word (like mango) is called differently in various languages — Māmpalam (Tamil), Aam (Hindi), Amba (Marathi).

Art, Music, and Dance :-

India has many musical instruments and dance forms:

• Instruments: Tabla, Dholak, Mridangam, Sitar, Shehnai
• Dances: Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Odissi, Manipuri, Bhangra, etc.

Each form shows the culture and tradition of its region.

Important points:-

Ø India runs the world’s largest postal network.

Ø India built Aadhaar, the world’s biggest digital ID system used by over 99 per cent of adults in India.

Ø Some currency notes also have raised prints and symbols to help people with visual impairment identify them. The MANI app helps them in identifying different currency notes by listening to and feeling their vibrations.

Ø A long time ago, lions used to roam freely over vast areas of India. Today, these lions are found only in the Gir forests of Gujarat. Their numbers had gone down to only a few dozen about 150 years ago. However, our country made great efforts to save the lions and it is a matter of pride that today India has several hundred lions in the wild!

Ø The world’s largest cricket stadium is the Narendra Modi stadium in Gujarat with a capacity of 1,32,000 spectators.

Ø There are mobile applications that can translate one language to another. We can use it to learn and understand many languages.

Ø The world’s tallest statue is the Statue of Unity in India standing 182 metres tall.

Ø India’s UPI is the world’s largest digital payment system and is inspiring other countries to adopt it.

Ø India is the world’s largest democracy.

Ø India has the world’s second largest road network.

Ø India’s Constitution is the longest written constitution of any country in the world.

Ø India is one of the most multilingual countries in the world.

A. FILL IN THE BLANKS:-

1.    India celebrates its Republic Day on 26th January every year.

2.    The Constitution of India came into effect on 26th January 1950.

3.    The saffron colour in the National Flag stands for strength and courage.

4.    The white band in the flag represents peace and truth.

5.    The green band stands for growth and prosperity.

6.    The Ashoka Chakra in the middle of the flag represents duty (dharma).

7.    The image printed on Indian currency notes is that of Mahatma Gandhi.

8.    The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan symbol is based on Gandhiji’s spectacles.

9.    The National Emblem of India shows three lions standing on a circular platform.

10.         The National Emblem represents strength, courage, and confidence.

11.         The National Animal of India is the Tiger.

12.         The National Bird of India is the Peacock.

13.         The National Flower of India is the Lotus.

14.         The National Tree of India is the Banyan Tree.

15.         The National Anthem of India is Jana Gana Mana.

16.         India has more than a thousand languages spoken across the country.

17.         The Nagara, Tabla, and Mridangam are examples of Indian drums.

18.         Bharatanatyam and Kathak are classical Indian dance forms.

19.         The headgear worn in Rajasthan is called a pagri or saafa.

20.         The National Flag has three colours and one blue Ashoka Chakra.

21.         The Statue of Unity in Gujarat is the world’s tallest statue.

22.         The Indian currency symbol is ₹ (Rupee).

B. Column Matching :-

 

1.  Saffron Colour

b) Strength and Courage

 

2.  White Colour

c) Peace and Truth

 

3. Green Colour

d) Growth and Prosperity

 

4. Ashoka Chakra

e) Duty and Righteousness

 

 

 

 

 

Answers: 1 – b,2 – c, 3 – c, 4 – d

 C. Complete this analogy:-

1. Saffron : Strength and Courage :: White : Peace and Truth
2. 26 January : Republic Day :: 15 August : Independence Day
3. Mahatma Gandhi : Currency Note :: Three Lions : National Emblem
4. Rajasthan : Pagri or Saafa :: Himachal Pradesh :  Topi
5. Tabla : Musical Instrument :: Bharatanatyam : Dance Form
6. Swachh Bharat Symbol : Gandhiji’s Spectacles :: National Emblem : Ashoka Lions
7. Gir Forest : Asiatic Lion :: Kaziranga : One-horned Rhinoceros
8. Language : Communication :: Music : Celebration / Expression
9. Statue of Unity : Gujarat :: Sun Temple : Odisha
10. UPI : Digital Payment :: Aadhaar : Digital Identity

D. MCQs

1.    India celebrates its Republic Day on:
a) 15 August
b) 2 October
c) 26 January
d) 14 November
✅ Answer: c) 26 January

2.    The Constitution of India came into effect in the year:
a) 1947
b) 1950
c) 1962
d) 1949
✅ Answer: b) 1950

3.    The saffron colour in the National Flag stands for:
a) Growth
b) Courage and Strength
c) Peace
d) Prosperity
✅ Answer: b) Courage and Strength

4.    The white band in the flag represents:
a) Prosperity
b) Peace and Truth
c) Bravery
d) Duty
✅ Answer: b) Peace and Truth

5.    The green colour in the National Flag stands for:
a) Strength
b) Growth and Prosperity
c) Truth
d) Unity
✅ Answer: b) Growth and Prosperity

6.    The Ashoka Chakra in the flag represents:
a) Equality
b) Duty (Dharma)
c) Power
d) Freedom
✅ Answer: b) Duty (Dharma)

7.    The image on Indian currency notes is of:
a) Jawaharlal Nehru
b) Mahatma Gandhi
c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
d) Sardar Patel
✅ Answer: b) Mahatma Gandhi

8.    The Swachh Bharat symbol is inspired by:
a) The Ashoka Chakra
b) Gandhiji’s spectacles
c) National Emblem
d) Indian Flag
✅ Answer: b) Gandhiji’s spectacles

9.    The National Emblem of India shows:
a) Four Lions
b) Three Lions
c) Two Lions
d) One Lion
✅ Answer: b) Three Lions

10.     The National Animal of India is:
a) Elephant
b) Peacock
c) Tiger
d) Lion
✅ Answer: c) Tiger

11.   The National Bird of India is:
a) Parrot
b) Eagle
c) Peacock
d) Sparrow
✅ Answer: c) Peacock

12.   The National Flower of India is:
a) Rose
b) Sunflower
c) Lotus
d) Jasmine
✅ Answer: c) Lotus

13.                   The National Tree of India is:
a) Neem
b) Mango
c) Peepal
d) Banyan
✅ Answer: d) Banyan

14.   The headgear worn in Rajasthan is called:
a) Topi
b) Pagri or Saafa
c) Turban
d) Cap
✅ Answer: b) Pagri or Saafa

15.   Bharatanatyam is a classical dance form from:
a) Tamil Nadu
b) Punjab
c) Gujarat
d) Assam
✅ Answer: a) Tamil Nadu

16.  Tabla is an example of a:
a) String instrument
b) Wind instrument
c) Drum
d) Guitar
✅ Answer: c) Drum

17.India’s National Anthem is:
a) Saare Jahan Se Achha
b) Jana Gana Mana
c) Vande Mataram
d) Bharat Mata Ki Jai
✅ Answer: b) Jana Gana Mana

18.  The National Motto of India is:
a) Unity in Diversity
b) Truth Alone Triumphs
c) Strength in Unity
d) India Shining
✅ Answer: a) Unity in Diversity

19.    .The world’s tallest statue, the Statue of Unity, is in:
a) Maharashtra
b) Tamil Nadu
c) Gujarat
d) Delhi
✅ Answer: c) Gujarat

20.  The Indian currency symbol is:
a) $
b) €
c) ₹
d) ¥
✅ Answer: c) ₹

 

E.  Write 'T' for True and 'F' for False statements:-

1.    India celebrates its Republic Day on 15th August.
❌ False – Republic Day is celebrated on 26th January.

2.    The Constitution of India came into effect on 26th January 1950.
✅ True

3.    The saffron colour in the flag represents peace and truth.
❌ False – Saffron stands for strength and courage.

4.    The Ashoka Chakra in the middle of the flag represents duty (Dharma).
✅ True

5.    The green colour in the flag stands for growth and prosperity.
✅ True

6.    Mahatma Gandhi’s image appears on all Indian currency notes.
✅ True

7.    The Swachh Bharat symbol is inspired by Gandhiji’s spectacles.
✅ True

8.    The National Emblem of India shows four lions.
❌ False – It shows three lions (the fourth is hidden at the back).

9.    The National Animal of India is the Elephant.
❌ False – It is the Tiger.

10.                   The National Bird of India is the Peacock.
✅ True

11.                   The National Flower of India is the Rose.
❌ False – It is the Lotus.

12.                   The National Tree of India is the Banyan Tree.
✅ True

13.                   “Unity in Diversity” is the motto that describes India’s strength.
✅ True

14.                   Bharatanatyam is a classical dance form from Tamil Nadu.
✅ True

15.     The Tabla is a string instrument.
❌ False – It is a drum/percussion instrument.

16.                   The headgear worn in Rajasthan is called a Topi.
❌ False – It is called a Pagri or Saafa.

17.        The Statue of Unity is located in Gujarat.
✅ True

18.      India’s National Anthem is “Jana Gana Mana.”
✅ True

19.      The white colour in the flag stands for peace and truth.
✅ True

20.     The Indian currency symbol is ₹.
✅ True

F. Differentiate:-

1. Independence Day and Republic Day:-

Independence Day	Republic Day
Celebrated on 15 August 1947 when India became free from British rule.	Celebrated on 26 January 1950 when the Constitution of India came into effect.

2. Carnatic Music  and Hindustani Music

Carnatic Music	Hindustani Music
Popular in South India; uses instruments like mridangam and veena.	Popular in North India; uses instruments like sitar and shehnai.

 3. Unity and Diversity

Unity	Diversity
Feeling of togetherness and oneness among people.	Variety in languages, food, clothing, festivals and traditions across India.

 Very Short Answer Questions

1. When do we celebrate Republic Day?
➤ 26th January

2.When did India become independent?
➤ 15th August 1947

3.When did the Constitution of India come into effect?
➤ 26th January 1950

4.What does the saffron colour in the flag stand for?
➤ Strength and courage

5. What does the white colour in the flag represent?
➤ Peace and truth

6. What does the green colour in the flag symbolise?
➤ Growth and prosperity

7.What does the Ashoka Chakra represent?
➤ Duty (Dharma)

8. Whose picture is printed on Indian currency notes?
➤ Mahatma Gandhi

9.What is the Swachh Bharat symbol based on?
➤ Gandhiji’s spectacles

10.What does the National Emblem of India show?
➤ Three lions standing on a circular platform

11. What does the National Emblem represent?
➤ Strength, courage, and confidence

12. What is the National Animal of India?
➤ Tiger

13.  What is the National Bird of India?
➤ Peacock

14.  What is the National Flower of India?
➤ Lotus

15.  What is the National Tree of India?
➤ Banyan Tree

16. What is India’s National Anthem?
➤ Jana Gana Mana

17. What is India’s currency symbol?
➤ ₹ (Rupee)

18.  Which is India’s tallest statue?
➤ Statue of Unity

19. Where is the Statue of Unity located?
➤ Gujarat

20.  What is the meaning of ‘Unity in Diversity’?
➤ People of different cultures, languages, and traditions living together peacefully.

21. Which headgear is worn in Rajasthan?
➤ Pagri or Saafa

22. Which headgear is worn in Himachal Pradesh?
➤ Topi

23.  Name one classical dance form of India.
➤ Bharatanatyam

24.  Name one Indian percussion instrument.
➤ Tabla or Mridangam

25.  Which mission promotes cleanliness in India?
➤ Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

B. Short Answer Questions

Q1: Why do we celebrate Republic Day on 26th January?

Ans: We celebrate Republic Day on 26th January every year because on this day in 1950, the Constitution of India came into effect, and India became a Republic with its own laws and government.

Q2: What does each colour in the National Flag represent?

Ans: Saffron: Strength and courage

o   White: Peace and truth

o   Green: Growth and prosperity

o   Ashoka Chakra: Duty (Dharma)

Q3: What is the importance of the Ashoka Chakra in the flag?

Ans: The Ashoka Chakra, with 24 spokes, represents the wheel of duty (Dharma) and reminds citizens to move forward in life with truth, justice, and discipline.

Q4: Who is shown on Indian currency notes and why?

Ans: Mahatma Gandhi’s image appears on all Indian currency notes to honour his leadership in India’s freedom struggle and his values of truth and non-violence.

Q5: What does the Swachh Bharat symbol represent?

Ans: The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan symbol is based on Gandhiji’s spectacles. It reminds us to follow his dream of keeping our surroundings clean and healthy.

Q6: Describe the National Emblem of India.

Ans: The National Emblem shows three lions standing on a circular platform with the Ashoka Chakra below them. It represents strength, courage, and confidence.

Q7: Name any four National Symbols of India.

Ans: National Animal – Tiger

o   National Bird – Peacock

o   National Flower – Lotus

o   National Tree – Banyan Tree

Q8: What is meant by ‘Unity in Diversity’?

Ans: Unity in Diversity means that even though people in India speak different languages, follow different religions, and wear different clothes, they all live together peacefully as one nation.

Q9: How does diversity make our country strong?

Ans: Diversity brings different ideas, skills, and traditions together, helping people learn from one another. This makes India richer in culture and stronger as a nation.

Q10: What is shown on Indian currency notes apart from Mahatma Gandhi’s image?

Ans: Currency notes also show monuments, national symbols, languages, and messages, representing India’s heritage and diversity.

Q11: Name two classical dance forms of India and their states.

Ans: Bharatanatyam – Tamil Nadu

        Kathak – Uttar Pradesh

Q12: What does the National Anthem teach us?

Ans: The National Anthem – “Jana Gana Mana” teaches us about unity, pride, and respect for our nation and its people.

C. Long Answer Questions

Q1: Explain why we celebrate Republic Day and how it is observed in schools and across the country.

Ans:

Ø Republic Day is celebrated on 26th January every year to mark the day when the Constitution of India came into effect in 1950.

Ø It reminds us of the rules that guide our nation and ensure equality, justice and freedom for all.

Ø On this day, the National Flag is unfurled, and the National Anthem is sung with pride.

Ø Schools organize special programmes like parades, speeches, songs, dances and flag hoisting.

Ø In New Delhi, the Republic Day parade is held at Rajpath, where state tableaux, cultural performances, and defence forces march proudly, showing the unity and strength of India.

2.   Describe the meaning of the colours and symbols of the National Flag of India.

Ans :

Ø The National Flag of India has three horizontal colours — Saffron, White, and Green.

Ø The Saffron colour at the top stands for strength and courage.

Ø The White band in the middle represents peace and truth, and the Green band at the bottom stands for growth and prosperity.

Ø In the centre, the blue Ashoka Chakra has 24 spokes, symbolising duty (dharma), movement and progress.

Ø The flag represents the values and spirit of our nation and reminds every citizen to uphold these ideals.Traditional crafts, colourful clothing, and folk songs add to India’s beauty.

3. What do we learn about India from its currency notes.

Ans :

Ø The Indian currency notes show the diversity and richness of our country.

Ø On each note, we see the image of Mahatma Gandhi, who led our freedom movement.

Ø The notes also display different monuments, such as the Sun Temple of Konark (₹10), Rani Ki Vav (₹100), and Red Fort (₹500), representing India’s cultural heritage.

Ø There is also a language panel showing 15 Indian languages, highlighting linguistic diversity.

Ø Symbols like the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan logo remind citizens about cleanliness and responsibility.

Ø Thus, currency notes are not just money — they are symbols of India’s unity, history, and pride.

D. Application/Thinking Questions

Q1: Why is it important for us to respect our National Flag and National Anthem?

Ans: Respecting the National Flag and Anthem shows our love and pride for the country. It reminds us of the sacrifices made by our freedom fighters and keeps us united as Indians. Standing respectfully during the anthem or keeping the flag safe shows that we value our national identity.

Q2: How do traditional Indian practices like yoga and meditation help us in modern life?
Ans: Yoga and meditation help in keeping our body healthy and mind calm. In today’s busy life, they reduce stress, improve focus, and help us stay positive. These traditional practices connect us to our roots while supporting our physical and mental health.

Q3: How can students promote the spirit of togetherness in their school?

Ans: Students can promote togetherness by helping classmates, respecting differences, working in groups, and celebrating festivals together. They can also organize cultural events, cleanliness drives, or language days to encourage unity and cooperation among all students.

Q4: If you were given a chance to design a new national symbol for India, what would it be and why?
Ans: I would design a lotus surrounded by the Ashoka Chakra, symbolising purity, peace, and progress. The lotus represents India’s spiritual values, and the Ashoka Chakra stands for movement and growth. This would remind everyone that India grows beautifully even through challenges.

Q5: How can you contribute to keeping your surroundings clean, following the message of ‘Swachh Bharat Abhiyan’?

Ans: I can contribute by not littering, using dustbins, recycling waste, and encouraging others to keep their areas clean. I can also take part in school cleanliness drives and make posters spreading awareness about cleanliness and hygiene.

               Today’s child, tomorrow’s citizen.