Class VI - SCIENCE - 1st Chapter - Food : Where Does it Come From
INTRODUCTION TO ‘FOOD’ :-
- Anything which we eat to live called Food.
- Nutritious substances that people or animals eat or drink, or that plants absorb in order to maintain life and growth are called Food.
- There is a lot of variation in the food eaten in different regions of India.
- Example: Rice, dal, bread, butter, roti, egg, meat, chicken, fruits, vegetables etc.
- Food gives us energy to work, builds our body and keeps us healthy by protecting from diseases.
VARIETY IN FOOD :-
- We eat different kinds of food at different times and on different days .
- Different people eat different types of food according to their regions, habits, lifestyles, availability of food in their region etc.
- Some North Indian foods are Chole Bhature, Aloo Gobi, Bhindi Masala, Rajma Masala Curry, Malai Kofta, Dal Baati, Dum Aaloo, Kachori, Aalo Paratha etc.
- Some South Indian foods are Rice, Dal, Sambar, Masala Dosa, Upma, Paal Payasam etc.
Food items and their ingredients:-
- Ingredients are the things that are used to make a Dish.
- A particular preparation of food is called a Dish.
- A Recipe is a list of directions to prepare a dish.
- A specific food preparation or variety of food ready to eat.
- Example : Boiled rice = Rice + Water
- Chapatti = Atta + Water
- Idli = Rice + Urad dal+ Salt + Water
- Dal= Pulses + Water + Salt + Oil/ghee + Spices
- Vegetables Curry = Vegetables + Salt + Oil + Water + Spices
Food materials and sources :-
- The main sources of our food are plants and animals.
- Food sources from plants:-
- vegetables,
- pulses,
- spices,
- cereals,
- fruits, oils, etc.
- Food sources from animals:-
- milk, egg, honey, meat, fish, etc.
- Other sources of food are salt and water.
Plant parts as food:-
- Root- carrot, raddish, sweet potato etc.
- Stem- Onion, potato, ginger, garlic, turmeric etc.
- Leaves- Spinach, cabbage, mustard leaves etc.
- Flowers- Sun flower, pumpkin, jasmine, banana flower etc.
- Fruits- Mango, apple, orange, banana, grapes etc.
- Seeds- Wheat, rice, maize, millet, peas, groundnut, mustard, soyabean, pulses etc.
GRAINS / CEREALS :-
- Grains are the main sources of food from plants. Grains used for food are called food grains or cereals.
- Example- rice, wheat, maize etc.
OIL SEEDS :-
- The seeds which are used to extract oils are called oilseeds.
- Example- groundnut, mustard etc.
Points to remember :-
- Sprouts- When seeds begin to grow by developing tiny roots, they are called sprouts.
- The process of formation of sprouts from seeds is called sprouting.
SPROUTING:-
1. Put a small quantity of dry seeds of moong/chana in a container filled with water and leave those for a day.
2. Next day, drain the water completely from the container.
3. White structures may have grown out of the seeds. These are sprouts.
ANIMAL PRODUCTS AS FOOD :-
- Animal products which are used as food are eggs, chicken, mutton, meat, fish, honey, milk etc.
- We drink milk. We also make curd, butter, ghee, cheese etc from milk.
- Fish gives us cod liver oil which is rich in vitamin-A.
- Honey is produced by honey bees. Bees collect nectar from the flowers and convert it into honey. They store honey in their hives.
- The hives containing honey are called honeycombs.
WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT ?
- Animals which eat only plants or plant products are called herbivores. Example- Cow, goat , deer, buffalo, giraffe, elephant, horse, camel, ox etc.
- Animals which eat other animals are called carnivores. Example- Lion, tiger, leopard, vulture, lizard, snake, wolf etc.
- Animals which eat both plants and animals are called omnivores. Example- Man, dog, cat, pig, bears, squirrel, rat, monkey, hen, sparrow etc.
- Animals that live on dead and decay in food is called scavengers. Example- hyenas, vulture etc.
SOME EXTRA POINTS :-
- PHOTOSYNTHESIS-
- Green plants produce their own food by absorbing water from the soil, carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, energy from sun light. The process is called photosynthesis.
- PRODUCERS $ CONSUMERS-
- Since green plants produce their own food they are called producers.
- Animals depend upon plants for their food . So they are called consumers.
LET’S CHECK OURUNDERSTANDING
FILL IN THE BLANKS :-
Ans- Raw rice
2. Bees collect ______________from flowers.
Ans- nectar(sweet juices)
3. The parts of a plant which can be eaten are called _________ parts.
Ans-edible
4. Tiger is a _________ animal because it eats only meat.
Ans- carnivore
5. Deer eats only plant products and so, is called _____.
Ans- herbivore
6. Parrot eats only ____________ products.
Ans- plant
7. The ______ that we drink, which comes from cows, buffaloes and goats is an animal product.
Ans- milk
8. We get sugar from ______________.
Ans- sugarcane
9. A non-green plant that we eat is _______.
Ans- Mushroom.
10. The habit of an individual to eat a particular type of food items commonly is called as _______.
Ans. Food habit.
CAN YOU SAY :-
1. What are the ingredients needed for vegetable curry?
Ans- different kinds of vegetables, salt, spices , oil and so on.
Ans- Plants are the sources of food ingredients like grains , cereals, vegetables and fruits.
4. Give an example a plant having two or more edible parts?
Ans- Mustard plant. Seeds of mustard plants give us oil and the leaves are used as a vegetable.
5. How can we have sprouted seeds as food ?
Ans- After washing sprouted seeds, we can eat them. We have to boil and add some spices. Then we will get a tasty snack to eat.
6. Do you find that all living beings need the same kind of food?
Ans- No, all living beings do not need same kind of food.
7. Name five plants and their parts that we eat.
Ans- The names of five plants and their parts that we eat are:(i)Paddy: seeds, (ii) Wheat: seeds, (iii) Mustard plant: seeds and leaves, (iv) Brinjal plant: fruits and (v) Potato plant: stems.
8. Give two examples where two or more parts of a single plant are used as food.
Ans- Mustard — seeds and leaves, Pumpkin — fruit and flowers.
9. Name any one plant that grows in water and is eaten as food.
Ans. Lotus — Stem of lotus is eaten as food.
10. Name some common food ingredients used as he ingredients of various food items.
Ans- water, salt and oil or ghee.
11. Which type of seeds give more energy, sprouted seeds or normal seeds?
Ans. Sprouted seeds give more energy than normal seeds.
12. What is honey?
Ans. A sweet substance (liquid) prepared by bees from the nectar, i.e., sweet juice collected from flowers is called honey.
13. Why should we eat cooked food?
Ans. We should eat cooked food because by cooking we can kill harmful germs and make it germless. Cooked food can be easily digested and absorbed by our body. Cooking also improves the taste of food.
14. Explain the importance of food for living organisms.
Ans. Importance of food is:(i) It provides energy to do various activities.(ii) It helps in growth.(iii) It helps to repair and replace damaged parts of the body.(iv) It protects us from infections and diseases.
15. What are carnivores? Explain with examples.
Ans. The-animals which eat other animals are called carnivores. For example, lion and tiger. Carnivores generally eat herbivores and other carnivores.
16. With the help of Aa flow chart show various contributors involved when we eat a chapatti.
Ans-
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT-
- No, as it depends upon different factors.
- Everyone around us does not get enough food to eat because there is a problem of unemployment due to which people does not have enough money to buy food.
- Avoid buying too much.
- Think twice before throwing food away.
- Always make a shopping list.
- Organizing the kitchen with FIFO- First In First Out.
- Store food correctly.
- Make a weekly menu.
- Keep a log of spoiled foods.
- Freeze extras.
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